Resilient Landscapes
Resilient Landscapes Program
Working with Nature to Foster Resilience
The Resilient Landscapes team develops innovative, long-range, nature-based strategies to improve the health of our shorelines, cities, and rural areas. RL work is organized in 7 focus areas:
Read more about the program
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Photo: Shira Bezalel
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Photo: USGS
Historical ecology has formed the foundation of SFEI’s Resilient Landscapes Program since its inception. This interdisciplinary field synthesizes diverse historical records to learn how habitats were distributed and ecological functions were maintained within the native California landscape.
Given the dramatic changes to California landscapes during the past two centuries, we often have only rudimentary understanding of the systems we seek to protect and enhance. In fact, there is a growing recognition that restoration efforts have often misinterpreted earlier conditions, resulting in missed opportunities and, in some cases, failed projects. However, the development of accurate, reliable, and broadly-supported pictures of historical condition and change can help correctly identify the causes of current challenges, and reveal previously unrecognized management options. Understanding how streams, wetlands, and woodlands were organized along physical gradients helps scientists and managers develop new strategies for more integrated and functional landscape management. Historical reconstructions also educate and engage the public imagination, increasing public will for local and regional landscape stewardship.
SFEI's historical ecology studies have contributed to numerous restoration projects in the Bay Area and coastal California. Projects are carried out in collaboration with local partners and with a team of regional and local science advisers, with results made broadly available through website, publication, and presentation. SFEI's innovative approaches have been featured in New Scientist Magazine, Landscape Journal, The Living Landscape: An Ecological Approach to Landscape Planning, the McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, and the Historical Ecology Handbook, as well as general audience science programs such as KQED’s QUEST and the Saving the Bay documentary.
For more information, please contact [email protected].
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Healthy Watersheds Resilient Baylands | Through the Healthy Watersheds Resilient Baylands project, SFEI and sixteen partner organizations are developing multi-benefit tools to enhance climate change resilience in... |
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EcoAtlas | California's EcoAtlas provides access to information for effective wetland management. EcoAtlas is a set of tools for generating, assembling, storing, visualizing, sharing,... |
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East Contra Costa County Historical Ecology Study | SFEI conducted a historical ecology assessment of natural resources in East Contra Costa County in partnership with Contra Costa County and the |
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The Collaborative Research Program at Quiroste Valley | This collaborative team of Indian scholars, archaeologists, ecologists, and land managers is embarking on an innovative research program with two primary goals. |
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Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Historical Ecology Study | The San Francisco Estuary Institute-Aquatic Science Center, in collaboration with the California Department of Fish and Game, has completed a historical ecology study of the... |
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Napa Valley Historical Ecology Study | Friends of the Napa River, the Napa County Resource Conservation District, and SFEI have carried out investigations into the historical Napa Valley landscape. |
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Napa Valley Historical Ecology Atlas | The Napa Valley Historical Ecology Atlas takes readers on a richly illustrated tour of the iconic Napa Valley landscape from 200 years ago to the present and future. Using... |
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Miller Creek Stewardship | Miller Creek was recently recognized by EPA biologist Rob Leidy as a high priority watershed for |
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Lower Salinas River Historical Ecology Reconnaissance | This report summarizes the results of an initial study of historical conditions (i.e., prior to significant Euro- American modification) on the lower Salinas River (... |
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Lower Laguna de Santa Rosa and Mark West Creek: Changes in Historical Channel Alignment | Over the past century and a half, the hydrology of the Laguna de Santa Rosa watershed has been altered by a variety land use changes, including urbanization, agricultural... |
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Exploring Landscape Change: the Wildcat Creek Watershed | This study provided information for the Wildcat Creek portion of the Oakland Museum's "Creek and Watershed Map of Richmond and Vicinity" Related project: |
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Dutch Slough Community Park and Public Access | This project provides a review of existing data and studies to verify conditions for the Dutch Slough Wetland Restoration Project. |
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Delta: McCormack-Williamson Tract | The McCormack-Williamson Tract (MWT) was purchased in 1999 by The Nature Conservancy with CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program (ERP) funds. Though today it looks like many... |
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Delta Landscapes Project | The Delta Landscapes Project, which began in 2012 and will run through 2016, has developed a body of work to inform landscape-scale restoration of the Sacramento-San Joaquin... |
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Collaborative Cultural Landscape Research: Ethnoecological Fire Traditions on the Central Coast | Since 2006, together with colleagues at UC Berkeley, CA State Parks, UC Santa Cruz, BLM, the National Park Service, the Muwekma Ohlone and Amah Mutsun Tribes, and numerous... |
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BayBoards | Despite its solid and impressive appearance, the urban Bay Area landscape remains a thin, freshly-constructed veneer over the native landscape. |
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Ballona Creek Historical Ecology Project | The Ballona Creek project supports historical research conducted by the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project and CSU-Northridge on the historical ecology of the... |
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Alameda Creek Historical Ecology Study | The Alameda Creek Historical Ecology Study assesses watershed conditions prior to significant Euro-American modification, as a basis for understanding subsequent changes in... |
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Western Santa Clara Valley Historical Ecology Study | This study produced GIS layers and a report describing historical habitats in the Guadalupe, West Valley, and Lower Peninsula Watershed Management Areas of Santa Clara County... |
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Laguna de Santa Rosa Historical Ecology Initiative | The Laguna de Santa Rosa (Laguna) watershed spans 256 square miles and supports a unique complex of biologically diverse ecosystems. |
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Santa Clara Valley historical ecology GIS | This dataset represents a reconstruction of the historical landscape patterns, including channel and habitat distribution, of the Santa Clara Valley and adjacent baylands |
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City of Riverside Urban and Historical Ecology Case Study | This study focuses on a segment of the Santa Ana River Parkway in and around the City of Riverside, where multiple habitat restoration projects are underway. |
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Delta Landscapes Scenario Planning Tool | This project is a tool for planning scenarios of landscape-scale restoration of the Delta. The tool is designed to inform ongoing and future restoration planning efforts in... |
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Hidden Nature San Francisco | Hidden Nature SF brings a new perspective to our view of San Francisco, studying the city’s historical ecology in order to engage the public in re-imagining San Francisco’s... |
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Upper Penitencia Creek: Resilient Landscape Vision | The San Francisco Estuary Institute-Aquatic Science Center and the Santa Clara Valley Water District worked with technical advisors and a group of local stakeholders to... |
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Landscape Vision for Calabazas Creek, San Tomas Aquino Creek and Pond A8 | SFEI released a resilient landscape vision for the interface of Calabazas Creek, San Tomas Aquino Creek, and Pond A8 in South San Francisco Bay that benefits both flood... |
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Laguna de Santa Rosa Master Restoration Plan | The Laguna de Santa Rosa is an expansive freshwater wetland complex that hosts a rich diversity of plant and wildlife species, and is also home to a thriving agricultural... |
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Resilient By Design: Science Advisors | The challenges of accelerating sea level rise and aging shoreline infrastructure are creating a once-in-a-century opportunity to redesign the Bay shore. |
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Peninsula Watershed Historical Ecology Study | The Peninsula Watershed, located in San Mateo County on the San Francisco Peninsula, is the site of three of the Bay Area’s largest reservoirs—San Andreas, Upper and Lower... |
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Lower Walnut Creek Historical Ecology Study | During the mid-19th century, the lower Walnut Creek watershed was a landscape dominated by extensive wetlands, meandering creeks, and grassy plains. |
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Petaluma Valley Historical Hydrology and Ecology Study | This project reconstructs the historical hydrology and ecology of the Petaluma River watershed prior to major Euro-American modification. |
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Understanding Change in Primary Production at a Landscape Scale in the Delta | Constraints on primary production and the relative importance of different production sources to the food web remain major uncertainties in the Delta ecosystem. Newly... |
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EBDA Sea Level Rise Adaptation Planning Project | Historically, freshwater was an important component of the baylands ecosystem, creating salinity gradients that added physical and ecological diversity to the baylands... |
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Resilient Silicon Valley | Tools for the creation of a resilient Silicon Valley ecosystem. |
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John Muir/Mt. Wanda Historical Ecology Reconnaissance Study | The Mt. Wanda Historical Ecology Investigation assembled historical landscape data for the Mt. |
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Mapping Shoreline Change in San Pablo Bay | Using a systematic, empirical, and repeatable approach, we mapped the location of the shorelines in San Pablo Bay at three points in time: 1855, 1993, and 2010. We then... |
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Historical Ecology and Landscape Change in the Central Laguna de Santa Rosa | This study synthesizes a diverse array of data to examine the ecological patterns, ecosystem functions, and hydrology that characterized a central portion of the Laguna de... |
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Mission Bay Historical Ecology Reconnaissance Study | The Mission Bay Historical Ecology Reconnaissance Study, completed in February of 2016, collected and organized data on the historical conditions of Mission Bay in San Diego... |
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Russian River Watershed Projects at the San Francisco Estuary Institute | Our projects in the Russian River Watershed help us to understand our past, understand our present, and envision our future. Learn more about what SFEI is doing in... |
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Flood Control 2.0 | Flood Control 2.0 is an ambitious regional effort aimed at helping restore stream and wetland habitats, water quality, and shoreline resilience around San Francisco Bay. The... |
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Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project | SFEI's Letitia Grenier served as lead scientist of the Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project, which yielded a report called The Baylands and Climate Change: What We... |
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Tijuana River Valley Historical Ecology Investigation | The Tijuana River Valley Historical Ecology Investigation synthesized hundreds of historical maps, photographs, and texts to reconstruct the the ecological, hydrological, and... |
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North San Diego County Lagoons Historical Ecology Study | The Northern San Diego County Lagoons Historical Ecology Investigation draws on hundreds of historical documents to analyze and reconstruct historical landscape conditions... |
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Historical Wetlands of the Southern California Coast Phase 2: Historical Extent and Change Over Time | This project builds on earlier efforts to provide comprehensive analysis of the 40 T-sheets that cover the southern California Bight (S |
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U.S. Coast Survey Maps of California (South Coast) | Until the advent of this new map viewer, a valuable resource was largely unavailable to coastal planners. Now, US Coastal Survey maps are free for broad use. |
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Historical Tidal-Terrestrial Transition Zone in South SF Bay | The tidal-terrestrial transition zone (T-zone) occupies the gradient between the intertidal zone and terrestrial (i.e., levee faces, valleys, hillsides, alluvial fans, and... |
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U.S. Coast Survey Maps of SF Bay | Under the direction of some of the leading American scientists of the 19th century, the United States Coast Survey (USCS) created exceptionally accurate and detailed maps of... |
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Historical Ecology of Lower San Francisquito Creek | The primary goal of this project was to produce GIS layers and georeferenced imagery for use by the planning and engineering team of the |
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Ventura County Historical Ecology Study | This project investigated the historical ecological patterns and hydrological dynamics of most of lowland Ventura County. |
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Surveying the Bay through Time with George E. Russell: Aero Foto | An art/science exhibit using photographic prints and graphic stories to present previously-unseen work by one of the first aerial photographers of the region. |
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Historical Wetlands of the Southern California Coast: An Atlas of US Coast Survey T-Sheets 1851-1889 | This project is the first regional assessment of the relative distribution and abundance of different wetland habitat types along the historical Southern California coastline... |
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Baylands and Creeks of South San Francisco Bay | A map of historical habitats and channels in the South Bay. |
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T-Sheet User Guide | This guide discusses the historical maps of San Francisco Bay produced by the United States Coast Survey (USCS) and their application to present-day environmental efforts in... |
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Upper Penitencia Creek: Historical Ecology Assessment | Upper Penitencia Creek, on the eastern side of Santa Clara Valley, has locally significant potential for stream restoration and anadromous fish recovery. |
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Historical Ecology of Miller Creek | This project provides an introduction to the historical land use and landscape changes in the Miller Creek watershed in Marin County. |
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San Gabriel River Historical Ecology Project | The goal of this project was to use a variety of historical resources to answer the following questions |
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Coyote Creek Watershed Historical Ecology Study | This report synthesizes historical evidence into a picture of how Coyote Creek looked and functioned before intensive modification. Prepared for the Santa Clara Valley Water... |
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Sonoma Creek Historical Ecology Intro | Historical ecological and geomorphic change in the Sonoma Creek watershed Partners Sonoma Ecology Center |
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South Santa Clara Valley Historical Ecology Study | This study assesses historical conditions and landscape change in the southern part of the Santa Clara Valley. It is designed to inform strategies for natural flood... |
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Rodeo Lagoon (Marin County) | This report is submitted in the context of transportation planning and improvement of public access to |
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Seeing What the Land Remembers: Geography, Ecology, and the History of Place | An interdisciplinary discussion panel at UC Berkeley's Townsend Center for the Humanities. |
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Ecological Connections between Baylands and Uplands | Marin County is updating its Countywide Plan, which has the objective of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the future. |
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Wildcat Creek Landscape History | People have lived along Wildcat Creek since 3,000 to 4,000 BP. By that time, Sea level rise had slowed, and the Bay's size had stabilized, allowing broad mudflats and tidal... |
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As sea levels continue to rise at an increasing rate, communities will need to adapt the California shoreline to create greater social, economic, and ecological resilience. Sea-level rise, together with high tides and storm surges, will impact roads, wastewater infrastructure, low-lying communities, and ecosystems in many of our region’s most vulnerable areas. Shoreline ecosystems provide multiple benefits such as habitat for wildlife, protection from storm surges, carbon sequestration, and recreation opportunities. With our Shoreline Resilience Focus Area, we continuously work toward the goal of maintaining and improving our natural and built shorelines while making them more resilient to climate change.
With a unique skill set of skills and relationships drawn from decades of working in the San Francisco Bay community, we bring together diverse stakeholders to arrive at science-based landscape-scale solutions for shoreline restoration, adaptation, and resilience. We bring expertise in geomorphology, wetlands ecology, sediment science, planning, and landscape design to make relevant scientific information available for decision-making. We develop regional-scale scientific studies, geospatial tools, and site-scale visions for shorelines across California, focusing on San Francisco Bay and Southern California wetlands. We partner with regional resource agencies, flood control districts, local governments, NGOs, community organizations, wastewater treatment plants, land trusts, and others to develop natural and nature-based strategies for shoreline adaptation with multiple co-benefits. We also serve as advisors to agencies on specific projects, governance decisions, and policy changes.
For more information, please contact [email protected].
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Healthy Watersheds Resilient Baylands | Through the Healthy Watersheds Resilient Baylands project, SFEI and sixteen partner organizations are developing multi-benefit tools to enhance climate change resilience in... |
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Shallow Groundwater Response to Sea Level Rise | As sea levels rise and extreme storms become more frequent, communities are developing climate adaptation plans to protect housing, jobs, ecosystems, and infrastructure from... |
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Special Study on Bulk Density | Sediment bulk density is the total mass of mineral and organic sediment within a defined volume. |
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New Life for Eroding Shorelines | The New Life for Eroding Shorelines project explores living shoreline approaches for sea level rise adaptation that can reduce erosion at the marsh edge and improve... |
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Preparing for the Storm | Catalyzed by the extensive damages caused by the Winter 2016-2017 storms and the opportunity to align flood response with major habitat improvement, Preparing for the Storm... |
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Landscape Vision for Calabazas Creek, San Tomas Aquino Creek and Pond A8 | SFEI released a resilient landscape vision for the interface of Calabazas Creek, San Tomas Aquino Creek, and Pond A8 in South San Francisco Bay that benefits both flood... |
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San Francisco Bay Shoreline Adaptation Atlas: Working with Nature to Plan for Sea Level Rise | In partnership with SPUR, The Operational Landscape Units project, funded by the |
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Sonoma Creek Baylands Strategy | The Sonoma Creek Baylands Strategy is a comprehensive high-level plan for landscape-scale restoration, flood protection, and public access in the tidal Lower Sonoma Creek... |
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Resilience Atlas | The Resilience Atlas is a compilation of cutting-edge science, creative visions and relevant spatial data to support planners, designers, polic |
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Resilient By Design: Science Advisors | The challenges of accelerating sea level rise and aging shoreline infrastructure are creating a once-in-a-century opportunity to redesign the Bay shore. |
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Estuary 2100 Technical Support - Round 1 | Estuary 2100 is an integrated set of ecosystem-based projects aimed at protecting and enhancing San Francisco Estuary, while anticipating the effects of our changing climate. |
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Lower Walnut Creek Historical Ecology Study | During the mid-19th century, the lower Walnut Creek watershed was a landscape dominated by extensive wetlands, meandering creeks, and grassy plains. |
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Petaluma Valley Historical Hydrology and Ecology Study | This project reconstructs the historical hydrology and ecology of the Petaluma River watershed prior to major Euro-American modification. |
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EBDA Sea Level Rise Adaptation Planning Project | Historically, freshwater was an important component of the baylands ecosystem, creating salinity gradients that added physical and ecological diversity to the baylands... |
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Mapping Shoreline Change in San Pablo Bay | Using a systematic, empirical, and repeatable approach, we mapped the location of the shorelines in San Pablo Bay at three points in time: 1855, 1993, and 2010. We then... |
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Mission Bay Historical Ecology Reconnaissance Study | The Mission Bay Historical Ecology Reconnaissance Study, completed in February of 2016, collected and organized data on the historical conditions of Mission Bay in San Diego... |
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San Francisco Bay Shore Inventory | SFEI is developing an online interactive map to support regional planning and assessment given accelerated sea level rise around the Bay. |
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Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project | SFEI's Letitia Grenier served as lead scientist of the Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project, which yielded a report called The Baylands and Climate Change: What We... |
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North San Diego County Lagoons Historical Ecology Study | The Northern San Diego County Lagoons Historical Ecology Investigation draws on hundreds of historical documents to analyze and reconstruct historical landscape conditions... |
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North Bay Mercury Biosentinel Monitoring | In 2011-2014 SFEI and UC Davis developed and implemented a multi-species biosentinel monitoring approach as an effective and efficient way of monitoring methylmercury... |
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Historical Wetlands of the Southern California Coast Phase 2: Historical Extent and Change Over Time | This project builds on earlier efforts to provide comprehensive analysis of the 40 T-sheets that cover the southern California Bight (S |
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U.S. Coast Survey Maps of California (South Coast) | Until the advent of this new map viewer, a valuable resource was largely unavailable to coastal planners. Now, US Coastal Survey maps are free for broad use. |
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Head of Tide | SFEI completed a pilot study focused on creating a framework for a rapid protocol that can be used to delineate the current and future head of tide zone for San Francisco Bay... |
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State of the Bay | The State of the Bay report provides independent, science-based reporting on the state of the health of the San Francisco Estuary ecosystem. |
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Historical Tidal-Terrestrial Transition Zone in South SF Bay | The tidal-terrestrial transition zone (T-zone) occupies the gradient between the intertidal zone and terrestrial (i.e., levee faces, valleys, hillsides, alluvial fans, and... |
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U.S. Coast Survey Maps of SF Bay | Under the direction of some of the leading American scientists of the 19th century, the United States Coast Survey (USCS) created exceptionally accurate and detailed maps of... |
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Historical Ecology of Lower San Francisquito Creek | The primary goal of this project was to produce GIS layers and georeferenced imagery for use by the planning and engineering team of the |
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Historical Wetlands of the Southern California Coast: An Atlas of US Coast Survey T-Sheets 1851-1889 | This project is the first regional assessment of the relative distribution and abundance of different wetland habitat types along the historical Southern California coastline... |
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Baylands and Creeks of South San Francisco Bay | A map of historical habitats and channels in the South Bay. |
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South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Science Team | The SBSPRP Science Team provides review to project consultants and assists the Project Management Team with the development of a long-range science program for the project. |
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South Baylands Mercury Project (SBMP) | We have developed biosentinel species indicators for wetlands to help the SBMP management team make decisions relative to mercury risk about where and how to restore salt... |
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Assessment of Removal of Creosote-Treated Pilings and Structures from San Francisco Bay | The remnants of old creosote-treated piers and dilapidated maritime facilities are common sights along intertidal and subtidal shorelines. Removal of these structures has ... |
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T-Sheet User Guide | This guide discusses the historical maps of San Francisco Bay produced by the United States Coast Survey (USCS) and their application to present-day environmental efforts in... |
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LTMS Science Framework Update | The San Francisco Bay Long-Term Management Strategy (LTMS) is a collaborative partnership with the purpose to conduct dredging activities in an economically prudent and... |
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Historical Ecology of Miller Creek | This project provides an introduction to the historical land use and landscape changes in the Miller Creek watershed in Marin County. |
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Rodeo Lagoon (Marin County) | This report is submitted in the context of transportation planning and improvement of public access to |
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Ecological Connections between Baylands and Uplands | Marin County is updating its Countywide Plan, which has the objective of meeting the needs of the present without compromising the future. |
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South Bay Salt Pond Landscape Synthesis Report | This synthesis focuses on the form and function of South Bay landscapes to address the following two issues maintaining and improving functioning of the South Bay... |
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The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta supplies freshwater to a large portion of California’s cities and agriculture, supports an agricultural economy and culture, and is home to native wildlife found nowhere else in the world. This complex region is hampered by many environmental challenges, including an over-allocated water supply, invasive species, water quality problems, novel ecosystems that no longer support desired functions, aging infrastructure, and a complex management structure. Beyond these challenges, sea level rise, other impacts from climate change, and earthquakes pose significant risks to Delta ecosystems, agriculture and water supply. The Delta Science and Management Focus Area investigates the ecology, hydrology and geomorphology of the Delta to inform decision making in this complex environment.
The three-part Delta Landscapes Project investigated the historical ecosystems of the Delta, examined how these ecosystems have been modified in the current landscape, and provided a holistic, aspirational approach to restoration. Building on this foundation, SFEI has contributed to multiple regional planning efforts and investigations of how the Delta supports specific functions, including primary production, salmon rearing habitat, and carbon storage. Our work from many of these projects is incorporated in the Delta Landscapes Scenario Planning Tool, a set of resources to assist users with developing, analyzing, and evaluating different land use scenarios to inform ongoing and future restoration planning efforts.
For more information, please contact [email protected].
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Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Historical Ecology Study | The San Francisco Estuary Institute-Aquatic Science Center, in collaboration with the California Department of Fish and Game, has completed a historical ecology study of the... |
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Dutch Slough Community Park and Public Access | This project provides a review of existing data and studies to verify conditions for the Dutch Slough Wetland Restoration Project. |
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Delta: McCormack-Williamson Tract | The McCormack-Williamson Tract (MWT) was purchased in 1999 by The Nature Conservancy with CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program (ERP) funds. Though today it looks like many... |
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Delta Landscapes Project | The Delta Landscapes Project, which began in 2012 and will run through 2016, has developed a body of work to inform landscape-scale restoration of the Sacramento-San Joaquin... |
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Delta Salmon Rearing | The objective of this project is to summarize existing research and knowledge around suitable rearing habitat for Chinook salmon in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta; identify... |
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Salmon Habitat Quantification Development | The Chinook salmon habitat quantification tool is a science-based approach for use by restoration planners to evaluate existing or potential habitat across spatially- and... |
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Understanding Change in Primary Production at a Landscape Scale in the Delta | Constraints on primary production and the relative importance of different production sources to the food web remain major uncertainties in the Delta ecosystem. Newly... |
Year of Publication: 2019
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The Wetland Monitoring & Assessment Focus Area provides scientific and technological support for coordinated, collaborative, cost-effective wetland planning, management, assessment, and reporting across government policies and programs. Working with other Focus Areas at SFEI, and with many outside partners, we help all interests develop place-based goals for wetland protection by developing and implementing tools, such as Historical Ecology, the California Aquatic Resource Inventory (CARI), and the California Rapid Assessment Method for wetlands (CRAM) to understand how the abundance, diversity, and condition of wetlands have changed due to nature and people, and to explore alternative ways to protect and restore wetlands for the future.
Products of the WMA Focus Area are designed for consistent adoption into wetland regulatory and management procedures at all levels of government, to promote coordinated, consensus-based, scientifically sound wetland and stream restoration and protection. Products include WRAMP, the state wetland definition and delineation method, California Aquatic Resource Inventory (CARI) and its eco-regional versions, Habitat Project Tracker, the Riparian Zone Estimator Tool (RipZET), the California Rapid Assessment Method for wetlands and streams (CRAM), Landscape Profile Tool, Green Plan-IT for large scale restoration planning, and the Science Frameworks for the Russian River Regional Monitoring Program (R3MP) and the Bay-Delta Wetlands Regional Monitoring Program (Wetlands RMP).
The WMA POD features projects that integrate all of these products into quantitative watershed-based assessments of wetland and riparian abundance, diversity, distribution and condition that are accessible through EcoAtlas to support a watershed approach to aquatic resource restoration and protection. Example assessments have been produced for the Upper Truckee River (Alpine Co), Santa Clara County watersheds, Wildcat Creek (Alameda Co), Napa River (Napa Co), and Mark West Creek (Sonoma Co). WMA personnel serve on many regional, state, and national committees to advise wetland policies, programs, and projects.
For more information, please contact [email protected]
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Wetlands Regional Monitoring Project | This Prop 50 - funded project was a three-year effort to monitor and track changes in Bay Area wetland condition. This wetland monitoring toolkit meets basic information... |
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EcoAtlas | California's EcoAtlas provides access to information for effective wetland management. EcoAtlas is a set of tools for generating, assembling, storing, visualizing, sharing,... |
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Stream Goals Demonstration Project | The SFEI Waterlands Group (Wetland Science, Watershed Science, and Historical Ecology) is developing a workshop for watershed planners to investigate the technical and policy... |
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Ballona Creek Historical Ecology Project | The Ballona Creek project supports historical research conducted by the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project and CSU-Northridge on the historical ecology of the... |
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Alameda Creek Historical Ecology Study | The Alameda Creek Historical Ecology Study assesses watershed conditions prior to significant Euro-American modification, as a basis for understanding subsequent changes in... |
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California Wetlands Portal | The California Wetlands Portal, one of the State of California’s My Water Quality portals, |
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Southern California Wetland Mapping Project | Southern California Coastal Research Watershed Project and CSU Northridge-Center for Geographical |
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EcoAtlas | EcoAtlas is a set of tools for generating, assembling, storing, visualizing, sharing, and reporting environmental data and information. |
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Coyote Creek Native Ecosystem Enhancement Tool | The Coyote Creek Native Ecosystem Enhancement Tool (CCNEET, neet. ecoatlas.org) is an online decision-support tool to identify opportunities to improve ecological conditions... |
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Developing a Sustainable Business Model for the EcoAtlas Toolset | This project is funded by a USEPA wetland development grant (2015-2017) to develop a recommended funding and business model for the EcoAtlas toolset. EcoAtlas is a ... |
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California Rapid Assessment Method (CRAM): Bar-Built Estuarine Wetlands | The CRAM Bar-Built Estuarine module is used for assessing reaches of coastal rivers and streams that are ecologically influenced by seasonal closures of their tidal inlets... |
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RipZET: A GIS-based Tool for Estimating Riparian Zones | The Riparian Zone Estimator Tool (RipZET) is a decision support tool developed by the San Francisco Estuary Institute and Aquatic Science Center for the California Riparian... |
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Russian River Watershed Projects at the San Francisco Estuary Institute | Our projects in the Russian River Watershed help us to understand our past, understand our present, and envision our future. Learn more about what SFEI is doing in... |
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Evaluation of CRAM performance for assessing wetland stress, small wetlands, and wetland habitat development | Caltrans funded this wetlands research to fill important gaps in knowledge about the ability of the California Rapid Assessment Method (CRAM) to assess small wetlands,... |
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Visualizing and Sharing Intensive Data Assessments | With California's drought rapidly changing the outlook for natural resources, decision-makers must be equipped with information and tools that facilitate clear and rapid... |
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Lahontan EcoAtlas Development | This project will create an EcoAtlas user community for the Lahontan region of the Sierra Nevada to develop capacities within the region to apply EcoAtlas through existing... |
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Habitat Restoration Project Tracking | This project expands the current capabilities of the wetland project tracking system for the monitoring and assessment of California’s aquatic resources to meet the project... |
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Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project | SFEI's Letitia Grenier served as lead scientist of the Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project, which yielded a report called The Baylands and Climate Change: What We... |
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California Rapid Assessment Method (CRAM): Slope Wetlands | CRAM is a cost-effective and scientifically defensible rapid assessment method for monitoring and assessing the ecologcial conditions of wetlands throughout California. |
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North Bay Mercury Biosentinel Monitoring | In 2011-2014 SFEI and UC Davis developed and implemented a multi-species biosentinel monitoring approach as an effective and efficient way of monitoring methylmercury... |
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Eelgrass Data Management and Project Tracking | Eelgrass (Zostera marina and Z. pacifica) is recognized as an important ecological resource in nearshore open coast areas, shallow bays, and estuaries... |
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Santa Rosa Plain Wetlands Profile: A Demonstration of WRAMP | The Santa Rosa Plain WRAMP project demonstrated the use of the State’s standardized monitoring and assessment tools in a North Coast watershed setting and described how the... |
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North Coast WRAMP Demonstration: Mapping Standards | The North Coast WRAMP Demonstation Project focused on mapping and assessing the condition of aquatic resources within the Santa Rosa Plain, CA using GIS based mapping... |
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Transitional Ecotone Vegetation Data Management System | Upload and access data from vegetation surveys of intertidal-upland ecotones |
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National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) Data Stewardship | As the San Francisco Bay Area Regional Steward for the USGS National Hydrography Dataset, SFEI has been working with National and State USGS NHD representatives to coordinate... |
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Six County Aquatic Resource Inventory | The US Army Corps of Engineers, Sacramento Division updated wetland and stream maps for the 6 county area (Sacramento, Placer, Yolo, El Dorado, Yuba, and Sutter Counties) to... |
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Tahoe WRAMP Demonstration: Mapping Standards | The Tahoe WRAMP Demonstration Project implemented detailed and standardized mapping protocols within the Tahoe Basin in two watersheds, based on BAARI mapping standards. New... |
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Tahoe WRAMP Demonstration: Watershed Assessment | The Tahoe WRAMP Watershed Demontration Project transfered statewide wetland monitoring and asseement tools to Sierra Nevada environmental agencies and organizations through a... |
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Santa Clara Valley Water District Priority D5 Project's Watershed Condition Assessments (2010 to 2018) | SFEI and the Santa Clara Valley Water District's (Valley Water) Priority D-5 Project have been conducting baseline ecological condition assessments in Santa Clara County, CA... |
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Statewide Wetland Tracking, Science, and Policy Development Support | SFEI’s Wetland Science Focus Area’s Director, Josh Collins, is a leader in the coordination of statewide science advisory teams and acquiring funding to develop monitoring... |
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Bay Area Aquatic Resource Inventory (BAARI) | The Bay Area Aquatic Resources Inventory (BAARI) is a GIS base map of the Bay Area's wetlands, open water, streams, ditches, tidal marshes and flats, and riparian areas.... |
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California Aquatic Resource Inventory (CARI) | The California Aquatic Resources Inventory (CARI) is a Geographic Information System (GIS) based map of wetlands, streams, and riparian areas within California that is hosted... |
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Online 401 Application Tool | This tool provides a permit negotiation tool for applicants and Regional Water Board staff to work together on preparing a permit for a 401 Water Quality Certification or... |
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Contaminant Data Download and Display (CD3) | Contaminant Data Display and Download Tool or CD3 is an innovative visualization tool for accessing water quality data for the San Francisco Bay-Delta and northern montane |
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California Rapid Assessment Method (CRAM) | CRAM is a standardized, scientifically defensible rapid assessment method for monitoring the ecological conditions of wetlands throughout California. Because it is... |
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Montezuma Technical Review Team | The Montezuma wetland restoration project is returning ~2,000 acres of diked baylands to tidal, seasonal, and managed wetlands in an eastern portion of Suisun Bay near the... |
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The Watershed Science and Management Focus Area investigates physical and ecological processes to help develop resilient landscape management approaches for watershed ecosystems. With expertise in geomorphology, hydrology, and ecology, the Watershed Science and Management Focus Area uses a variety of analytical tools to provide an understanding of historical, contemporary, and projected future watershed processes and landscape evolution at a range of spatial and temporal scales. This understanding is used to help managers determine landscape sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic influences, identify short-term and long-term management priorities, and develop multi-benefit solutions for habitat restoration that account for changing climatic and land use conditions.
The Watershed Science and Management Focus Area is currently working with partners around the San Francisco Bay region and the state of California on the following efforts:
- Developing watershed-scale management visions that identify opportunities for ecosystem improvement
- Conducting focused field investigations of hillslope and channel physical and ecological processes
- Investigating physical drivers for in-channel and riparian ecological condition
- Assessing the potential impacts of climate change on future watershed conditions and sediment delivery
- Developing innovative approaches for urban green infrastructure that provides multiple hydrologic and ecological benefits
For more information, please contact [email protected]
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Healthy Watersheds Resilient Baylands | Through the Healthy Watersheds Resilient Baylands project, SFEI and sixteen partner organizations are developing multi-benefit tools to enhance climate change resilience in... |
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East Contra Costa County Historical Ecology Study | SFEI conducted a historical ecology assessment of natural resources in East Contra Costa County in partnership with Contra Costa County and the |
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Stream Goals Demonstration Project | The SFEI Waterlands Group (Wetland Science, Watershed Science, and Historical Ecology) is developing a workshop for watershed planners to investigate the technical and policy... |
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Napa Valley Historical Ecology Study | Friends of the Napa River, the Napa County Resource Conservation District, and SFEI have carried out investigations into the historical Napa Valley landscape. |
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Napa Valley Historical Ecology Atlas | The Napa Valley Historical Ecology Atlas takes readers on a richly illustrated tour of the iconic Napa Valley landscape from 200 years ago to the present and future. Using... |
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Miller Creek Stewardship | Miller Creek was recently recognized by EPA biologist Rob Leidy as a high priority watershed for |
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Lower Salinas River Historical Ecology Reconnaissance | This report summarizes the results of an initial study of historical conditions (i.e., prior to significant Euro- American modification) on the lower Salinas River (... |
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Lower Laguna de Santa Rosa and Mark West Creek: Changes in Historical Channel Alignment | Over the past century and a half, the hydrology of the Laguna de Santa Rosa watershed has been altered by a variety land use changes, including urbanization, agricultural... |
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Exploring Landscape Change: the Wildcat Creek Watershed | This study provided information for the Wildcat Creek portion of the Oakland Museum's "Creek and Watershed Map of Richmond and Vicinity" Related project: |
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City of Riverside Urban and Historical Ecology Case Study | This study focuses on a segment of the Santa Ana River Parkway in and around the City of Riverside, where multiple habitat restoration projects are underway. |
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Coyote Creek Native Ecosystem Enhancement Tool | The Coyote Creek Native Ecosystem Enhancement Tool (CCNEET, neet. ecoatlas.org) is an online decision-support tool to identify opportunities to improve ecological conditions... |
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Salmon Habitat Quantification Development | The Chinook salmon habitat quantification tool is a science-based approach for use by restoration planners to evaluate existing or potential habitat across spatially- and... |
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Upper Penitencia Creek: Resilient Landscape Vision | The San Francisco Estuary Institute-Aquatic Science Center and the Santa Clara Valley Water District worked with technical advisors and a group of local stakeholders to... |
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Preparing for the Storm | Catalyzed by the extensive damages caused by the Winter 2016-2017 storms and the opportunity to align flood response with major habitat improvement, Preparing for the Storm... |
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Landscape Vision for Calabazas Creek, San Tomas Aquino Creek and Pond A8 | SFEI released a resilient landscape vision for the interface of Calabazas Creek, San Tomas Aquino Creek, and Pond A8 in South San Francisco Bay that benefits both flood... |
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Laguna de Santa Rosa Master Restoration Plan | The Laguna de Santa Rosa is an expansive freshwater wetland complex that hosts a rich diversity of plant and wildlife species, and is also home to a thriving agricultural... |
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Lower Walnut Creek Historical Ecology Study | During the mid-19th century, the lower Walnut Creek watershed was a landscape dominated by extensive wetlands, meandering creeks, and grassy plains. |
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Petaluma Valley Historical Hydrology and Ecology Study | This project reconstructs the historical hydrology and ecology of the Petaluma River watershed prior to major Euro-American modification. |
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Sycamore Alluvial Woodland Habitat Mapping and Regeneration Studies | This study investigates the relative distribution, health, and regeneration patterns of two major stands of sycamore alluvial woodland (SAW) in Santa Clara County,... |
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RipZET: A GIS-based Tool for Estimating Riparian Zones | The Riparian Zone Estimator Tool (RipZET) is a decision support tool developed by the San Francisco Estuary Institute and Aquatic Science Center for the California Riparian... |
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Historical Ecology and Landscape Change in the Central Laguna de Santa Rosa | This study synthesizes a diverse array of data to examine the ecological patterns, ecosystem functions, and hydrology that characterized a central portion of the Laguna de... |
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Russian River Watershed Projects at the San Francisco Estuary Institute | Our projects in the Russian River Watershed help us to understand our past, understand our present, and envision our future. Learn more about what SFEI is doing in... |
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Flood Control 2.0 | Flood Control 2.0 is an ambitious regional effort aimed at helping restore stream and wetland habitats, water quality, and shoreline resilience around San Francisco Bay. The... |
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Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project | SFEI's Letitia Grenier served as lead scientist of the Baylands Ecosystem Habitat Goals Project, which yielded a report called The Baylands and Climate Change: What We... |
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Tijuana River Valley Historical Ecology Investigation | The Tijuana River Valley Historical Ecology Investigation synthesized hundreds of historical maps, photographs, and texts to reconstruct the the ecological, hydrological, and... |
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Head of Tide | SFEI completed a pilot study focused on creating a framework for a rapid protocol that can be used to delineate the current and future head of tide zone for San Francisco Bay... |
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Santa Rosa Plain Wetlands Profile: A Demonstration of WRAMP | The Santa Rosa Plain WRAMP project demonstrated the use of the State’s standardized monitoring and assessment tools in a North Coast watershed setting and described how the... |
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Historical Tidal-Terrestrial Transition Zone in South SF Bay | The tidal-terrestrial transition zone (T-zone) occupies the gradient between the intertidal zone and terrestrial (i.e., levee faces, valleys, hillsides, alluvial fans, and... |
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Historical Ecology of Lower San Francisquito Creek | The primary goal of this project was to produce GIS layers and georeferenced imagery for use by the planning and engineering team of the |
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Ventura County Historical Ecology Study | This project investigated the historical ecological patterns and hydrological dynamics of most of lowland Ventura County. |
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Upper Penitencia Creek: Historical Ecology Assessment | Upper Penitencia Creek, on the eastern side of Santa Clara Valley, has locally significant potential for stream restoration and anadromous fish recovery. |
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Historical Ecology of Miller Creek | This project provides an introduction to the historical land use and landscape changes in the Miller Creek watershed in Marin County. |
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San Gabriel River Historical Ecology Project | The goal of this project was to use a variety of historical resources to answer the following questions |
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Coyote Creek Watershed Historical Ecology Study | This report synthesizes historical evidence into a picture of how Coyote Creek looked and functioned before intensive modification. Prepared for the Santa Clara Valley Water... |
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South Santa Clara Valley Historical Ecology Study | This study assesses historical conditions and landscape change in the southern part of the Santa Clara Valley. It is designed to inform strategies for natural flood... |
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Wildcat Creek Landscape History | People have lived along Wildcat Creek since 3,000 to 4,000 BP. By that time, Sea level rise had slowed, and the Bay's size had stabilized, allowing broad mudflats and tidal... |
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With over a million acres of protected land and a strong agricultural heritage, the San Francisco Bay Area is home to a unique mosaic of open space and working lands. This landscape offers multiple benefits to local ecosystems and Bay Area communities, with shared uses spanning biodiversity conservation, water resource protection, recreation, and agriculture. Terrestrial Ecology at SFEI supports natural resource management in these open spaces, drawing from ecosystem ecology, spatial ecology, and community ecology. Using best-available science, we help land managers make ecologically-informed decisions around management goals such as biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, and fire risk management.
Terrestrial Ecology at SFEI brings expertise in biogeochemistry, landscape ecology, community ecology, and geospatial analysis to projects in the Bay Area and beyond. In partnership with natural resource agencies, land trusts, and other land managers, we leverage this expertise to evaluate co-benefits and tradeoffs among ecosystem services, and to identify opportunities for improved land stewardship. Our work spans quantitative and qualitative data analysis through synthesis, modeling, and field-based research, and we collaborate with scientific advisors from local universities, agencies, and research institutes to integrate science across multiple disciplines and management priorities. Collaborating with other SFEI focus areas such as Historical Ecology and the Urban Nature Lab, Terrestrial Ecology at SFEI offers scientific and locally-specific guidance for healthy and resilient parklands, agricultural lands, and wildlands.
For more information, please contact [email protected]
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East Contra Costa County Historical Ecology Study | SFEI conducted a historical ecology assessment of natural resources in East Contra Costa County in partnership with Contra Costa County and the |
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Delta Landscapes Scenario Planning Tool | This project is a tool for planning scenarios of landscape-scale restoration of the Delta. The tool is designed to inform ongoing and future restoration planning efforts in... |
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Peninsula Watershed Historical Ecology Study | The Peninsula Watershed, located in San Mateo County on the San Francisco Peninsula, is the site of three of the Bay Area’s largest reservoirs—San Andreas, Upper and Lower... |
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John Muir/Mt. Wanda Historical Ecology Reconnaissance Study | The Mt. Wanda Historical Ecology Investigation assembled historical landscape data for the Mt. |
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The Urban Nature Lab at SFEI uses the quantitative science of nature in cities to guide innovative, ecologically-based urban planning and design. The Lab responds to the growing interest among planners, designers, policy-makers, and the public in gaining the diverse benefits nature can provide to urban communities, and the need for science-based design tools that draw from interdisciplinary research on cities. We bring together expertise in data science, ecology, ecosystem services, landscape architecture, and urban planning to create accessible, actionable guidance that makes the best available science available to those who need it.
The Urban Nature Lab helps cities create and support well-designed networks of nature that provide the critical functions we need from nature in our cities: reducing extreme heat, attenuating and purifying stormwater, improving physical and mental health, providing equitable access to nature and its benefits, and supporting local and regional biodiversity. We perform advanced data science analyses of land use, citizen science, health, census, and other data; synthesize emerging research from diverse fields; and collaborate with teams of design professionals to incorporate nature into projects, plans, and policies. We work closely through partnerships in the San Francisco Bay Area and around the world to advance the tools needed to create the healthy and resilient cities of the future.
For more information, please contact [email protected].
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Healthy Watersheds Resilient Baylands | Through the Healthy Watersheds Resilient Baylands project, SFEI and sixteen partner organizations are developing multi-benefit tools to enhance climate change resilience in... |
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Re-Oaking | “Re-Oaking” is an approach to reintegrating oaks and other native trees within the developed California landscape to provide a range of ecosystem services. The concept has... |
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Ecology for Health | This project is integrating research from the largely separate fields of urban ecology and public health to create design guidance that advances both ecological and human... |
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Making Nature's City | Cities will face many challenges over the coming decades, from adapting to a changing climate to accommodating rapid population growth. |
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Sports and Urban Biodiversity | SFEI collaborated with the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to create a guide to incorporating nature... |
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Quail in Urban Parks | SFEI is using bird observations from eBird to study habitat suitability and build occupancy models for California Quail to inform the Presidio Trust and other park managers... |
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Integrating Planning with Nature: Building resilience across urban and rural landscapes in Silicon Valley | Can we gain the benefits of restoring nature while making our cities denser and protecting natural and working lands? |
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Moffett Park Specific Plan Urban Ecology Technical Study | The City of Sunnyvale is incorporating urban ecology into the new Moffett Park Specific Plan, as part of creating an |
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East Palo Alto Urban Forest Master Plan | SFEI is partnering with the City of East Palo Alto, the non-profit urban forestry group Canopy, and Hort Science to develop an Urban Forest Master Plan for the city. |
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City of Riverside Urban and Historical Ecology Case Study | This study focuses on a segment of the Santa Ana River Parkway in and around the City of Riverside, where multiple habitat restoration projects are underway. |
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Hidden Nature San Francisco | Hidden Nature SF brings a new perspective to our view of San Francisco, studying the city’s historical ecology in order to engage the public in re-imagining San Francisco’s... |
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Preparing for the Storm | Catalyzed by the extensive damages caused by the Winter 2016-2017 storms and the opportunity to align flood response with major habitat improvement, Preparing for the Storm... |
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Urban Ecological Planning Guide for Santa Clara Valley | SFEI partnered with Santa Clara Valley Open Space Authority to create a guide on how to support biodiversity across the urbanized Santa Clara Valley. |
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Resilient By Design: Science Advisors | The challenges of accelerating sea level rise and aging shoreline infrastructure are creating a once-in-a-century opportunity to redesign the Bay shore. |
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Google Ecology Advising | SFEI collaborates with the Google Ecology Program to advance the science and application of urban biodiversity and nature-based sustainability planning. |
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Resilient Silicon Valley | Tools for the creation of a resilient Silicon Valley ecosystem. |
